AIDS kisilini kelturup
chiqarghuchi HIV virusi, Afriqining otura qismidiki dowletlerde
yashaydighan Engilizchide “apes”, Hittaychida “yuan” dep
atilidighan, maymun ahilisige kiridighan bir hil haywanning bedinide
yashawatqanlighigha birnechche ming yil bolghan bolup, bu virus bu
hil haywan bedinide kisel peyda qilmaydiken.
AIDS kisilini kelturup chiqarghan HIV virusi, 20-esirning desliwide
Afriqining otura qismidiki dowletlerde adem bedinige tarqalghan
bolup, biraq kishiler teripidin bayqalmighan iken.
Latin Amirkisigha jaylashqan Haiti digen dowlettiki Afriqiliqlar,
eyni waqittiki Haiti zomiger hakimitining zulimigha chidimay,
yurtigha qaytip kitishken. Haiti zomiger hakimiyiti tehittin
chushkendin kiyin, u Afriqiliqlar HIV virusini Haitige ilip kelgen
iken, undin kiyin dunyaning herqaysi jaylirigha tarqashqa
bashlighanken.
AIDS kisilini kelturup chiqarghuchi HIV virusi, 1981-yili tunji
qitim Amirkining Kaliforniye shitatida bayqilip, HIV digen bu namni
alghan.
Afriqining Zayir digen dowlettidiki Kinshasa digen dohturhanida
saqliniwatqan, 50-yillirida olup ketken bir jesetning bedinidin,
kiyin HIV virusi tipilghan.
1978-yili Haitige brip kilipla, bir hil ghelite kiselge giriptar
bolghan, Shiwitsiyelik (Swedish) bir bimarning bedinidinmu kiyin HIV
virusi tipilghan.
1981-yili tunji qitimliq AIDS kisili bayqalghandin hazirgha qederqi
20 nechche yil ichide, putun dunyada tehminen 60 miliyun kishi HIV
virusi bilen yuqumlanghan bolup, ularning 95% tereqqi qiliwatqan
yaki kembighel dowletlerde iken.
Hazir putun dunyada yashawatqan kishiler ichide 40 miliyun kishi HIV
bilen yuqumlanghan iken.
2003-yili bir yil ichidila 5 miliyun kishi yingidin HIV virusi bilen
yuqumlanghan bolup, yingi yuqumlanghuchilarning yirimidin artuqi 15
yashtin 24 yashqichi bolghan yashlar iken.
Putun dunyada, her kuni tehminen 15000 din 20000 kishi, yingidin HIV
virusi bilen yuqumlinidiken.
Her
100000 kishi ichidiki HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchining
sani Amirkida 400, Zhungguda 80, Awustiraliyede 115, Taylantta 2100,
Ugandada 20000, Botswanada 50000 iken.
Dunyada HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchilar nisbiti eng yuquri dowlet
Botswana bolup tehmine putun nopusining yirimidin artuqi HIV bilen
yuqmlanghan iken.
Amirkida jemi 290 miliyun nopus bolup, HIV bilen yuqumlanghanlarning
sani 1 miliyundin axshidiken.
Zhungguoda 1300 miliyun (1 miliyart 300 miliyun) nomus bolup, kem
digende tehminen 1 miliyun kishi HIV bilen yuqumlanghan iken.
Uyghur rayunida HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchilarning sani
molcherleshlerche tehminen 80 mingdin ashqan bolup, eger Uyghur
rayunining omumi nopusini hokumet sitatiskisi boyiche 20 miliyun dep
qarighanda, Uyghur rayunida her
100000 kishining ichidiki HIV bilen
yuqumlanghuchilarning sani 400ge yitip, Amirka sewiyesi bilen
tengleshken.
Uyghur rayunidiki HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchining 80% Uyghur bolup,
Uyghurlar arisida HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchilarning sani 64 mingge
yetken.
Eger Uyghur rayunidiki Uyghurlar nopusini hokumet sitatiskisi
boyiche 8 miliyun dep qarighanda, her
100000 Uyghurning ichide HIV bilen
yuqumlanghuchining sani 800ge yitip, Amirkidin bir hesse ashqan.
Urumchide tehminen 30 ming kishi HIV bilen yuqumlanghan bolup, eger
Urumchide 2 miliyun nomus bar dep qarighanda, her
100000 kishi ichidiki HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchining
sani 1500ge yitip, Tayland sewiyesige yiqinliship qalghan.
Urumchidiki HIV bilen yuqumlanghuchilarning 80%, yeni 24000 Uyghur
bolup, eger Urumchidiki Uyghur nopusi Urumchi omumi nopusining 15%ni
igelleydu dep qarisaq, Urumchidiki her
100000 Uyghurning ichide HIV bilen
yuqumlanghuchining sani 8000ge yetip, dunyaning aldinqi sewiyesige
yiqinliship qalghan. (Bu sanlar herguzmu mubalighe emes bolup,
heqiqeten ademni oygha salidu.)
Dunya Bankisidin pul birilgen AIDS kisili bilen munasiwetlik projekt
jemi 254 bolup, dunyaning herqaysi jaylirigha tarqalghan. Buning
ichide tehminen 40 projektning her birige birilgen pul 100 miliyun
dollardin ashqan.
Eng chong porejekt sommisi 500 miliyun dollar bolup, 1995-yili
6-ayning 22-kuni Meksikigha birilghen.
2002-yili 8-ayning 6-kuni Afriqidiki Kongo (Congo) digen dowletke
birilgen project sommisi 454 miliyun dollar bolup, ikkinji chong
project hisaplinidiken.
1996-yili 3-ayning 21-kuni Hindistangha birilgen project sommisi 350
miliyun dollar bolup, uchunji choqng project hisaplinidiken.
Dunya Bankisining AIDS tetqiqati uchun Zhungguogha bergen puli jemi
525.6 miliyun Amirka dolliri bolup, 1986-yili 6-ayda 80 miliyun,
1989-yili 5-ayda 52 miliyun, 1991-yili 12-ayda 129.6 miliyun,
1995-yili 12-ayda 100 miliyun, 1999-yili 5-ayda 60 miliyun,
2002-yili 3-ayda 104 miliyun dollar iken.
Amirkining her yili AIDS kisilini tetqiq qilish we aldini uchun
ajiratqan puli, putun dunyadiki barliq dowletning AIDS kisilige
ajiratqan pulining omumi yighindisidin artuq iken.
Eng chong porejekt sommisi 500 miliyun dollar bolup, 1995-yili
6-ayning 22-kuni Meksikigha birilghen.
2002-yili 8-ayning 6-kuni Afriqidiki Kongo (Congo) digen dowletke
birilgen project sommisi 454 miliyun dollar bolup, ikkinji choqng
project hisaplinidiken.
1996-yili 3-ayning 21-kuni Hindistangha birilgen project sommisi 350
miliyun dollar bolup, uchunji choqng project hisaplinidiken.
Dunya Bankisining AIDS tetqiqati uchun Zhungguogha bergen puli jemi
525.6 miliyun Amirka dolliri bolup, 1986-yili 6-ayda 80 miliyun,
1989-yili 5-ayda 52 miliyun, 1991-yili 12-ayda 129.6 miliyun,
1995-yili 12-ayda 100 miliyun, 1999-yili 5-ayda 60 miliyun,
2002-yili 3-ayda 104 miliyun dollar pul bergen.
Amirkining her yili AIDS kisilini tetqiq qilish we uning aldini
ilishqa ajiratqan puli, putun dunyadiki barliq dowletning AIDS
kisilige ajiratqan pulining omumi yighindisidin artuq iken.
Xinjiang Reports Surge in
HIV Carriers
Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest China, reported
16,035 HIV carriers at the end of June, a rise of 4,732 in
just nine months, according to the local disease control
center.
The region reported 11,303 HIV carriers at the end of
September last year, according to the regional center.
The new cases were found in 15 prefectures and cities,
including the regional capital, Urumqi.
In June, Xinjiang had 563 reported AIDS cases,
including 105 deaths. The region reported 213 AIDS
patients from the beginning of 2001 to June last year,
including 54 deaths.
Hao Yang, deputy head of the diseases prevention and
control bureau of the Ministry of Health, said HIV
infection was severe in Xinjiang, calling on local
governments and medical departments to make concerted
efforts to curb the spread of the disease.
Hao said AIDS was spreading from high-risk groups such
as prostitutes to ordinary groups, including pregnant
women, most of who were infected by their husbands who
contracted HIV through drug use.
Clinical monitoring showed the incidence of HIV
infection among women lying-in had been up to one percent
in Xinjiang's Yili area, but normally stood at 0.3
percent, said Ni Mingjian, head of the regional Venereal
Disease and HIV/AIDS Department of the Diseases Control
Center.
The central and local governments have run AIDS
education campaigns and HIV/AIDS treatment programs, and
provided assistance to HIV carriers in attempts to curb
the spread of the disease.
China had 144,089 reported HIV carriers by the end of
last year, including 32,886 AIDS patients and 8,404
fatalities, according to the Ministry of Health.
Aids Kisili tizlikte ashmaqta ,
emma san iniq emes.
Ghuljida zeherlik chekkuchilerning
89% kisel bilen yuqumlanghan
HIV
cases rising in China, true figure unknown
12/1/2004
9:07
More than 20,000 new HIV positive cases have
been officially reported in China since 2002, but estimates of a far
greater number of still unknown carriers present a huge challenge in
quelling the epidemic.
The number of officially reported HIV positive cases in China has
now climbed to 89,067 including 20,786 AIDS patients, according to a
Ministry of Health report released yesterday in Beijing.
The new numbers, which are through September of this year, may
vastly understate the extent of China's AIDS and HIV problem,
however. Both China and the United Nations estimated last year that
as many as 840,000 HIV carriers exist in the country.
That figure is based on estimates that 0.07 per cent of the
population is likely infected, with the disease spreading rapidly.
Yet the true extent of the problem is still unknown.
A major reason for the sharp increase in reported cases since
2002 is enhanced HIV screening among commercial blood and plasma
donors in Central China's Henan Province and among intravenous drug
abusers in Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
Henan finished a review this year among 280,000 commercial blood
donors from the early 1990s, and 25,000 HIV/AIDS carriers were
discovered.
Since the increase only refers to the reported infections from
the 1990s, it cannot be a basis upon which to judge the ongoing
expansion of the epidemic in the country, said Qi Xiaoqiu, director
of the Disease Control Department of the Ministry of Health.
The exact expansion rate of the deadly disease is still unknown,
he told China Daily when the report was released, but experts say
the expansion rate is likely more than 30 per cent annually.
The assessment was completed by a special working committee on
HIV/AIDS control under the State Council and the UN Theme Group on
HIV/AIDS.
The ministry says that it does not know how many of the
individuals who are registered HIV positive cases are still alive.
The ministry and related departments have been working to
strengthen various control measures, such as offering free
treatment, and fighting against sources of infection, including
illicit drugs and illegal blood collections.
There is great urgency, since the epidemic is spreading quickly
in the country, Wang Longde, vice health minister, said at the
conference.
In some regions and provinces, such as Henan and Yunnan, the
expansion rate has reached quite a high level, this year's report
said.
There is lots of evidence showing the virus is spreading from
high-risk people to common residents, especially through unsafe sex.
More and more women are suffering from infection through that means.
According to Ministry of Health surveillance, the prevalence of
HIV among intravenous drug abusers is from 5 to 8 per cent.
In the Ili area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the rate has
reached to 89 per cent, the report says.
The prevalence rate of HIV among prostitutes, on average, is 0.5
to 1 per cent.
And a survey done last year shows that about 20.5 per cent of
sampled prostitutes say they have never used condoms at all.
Up to September 2004, except for the Tibet Autonomous Region, all
30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China were
found to have people infected with the virus through commercial
blood donations.
In Henan, about 40 per cent of people who have sold blood from
1992 to 1996 have been infected with the virus and half of the
carriers have become patients now.
Yet, alarmingly, the reports show that only about 10 per cent
HIV/AIDS sufferers have been registered in China.
Where are they?
"The reality is that we still do not know where the 90 per
cent are, which bring us great difficulty in controlling the
disease," said Hao Yang, vice-director of the Disease Control
Department.
Up to now, there has not been a nationwide survey on HIV
infections, but only in special groups of people.
Another problem is that people hesitate to take HIV tests, even
though they are free in many places, Hao noted.
Meanwhile, an effective and nationwide surveillance and reporting
network in China is still under construction.
More than 1,000 surveillance spots have been set up in the
country in the past year.
Many regions began placing condoms in entertainment venues
earlier this year.
China has built 34 clinics and 50 spots to provide Methadone and
clean syringes for drug users.
More than 10,000 AIDS patients have been given free
anti-retroviral therapy, a kind of anti-virus treatment, this year.
The total central government investment on HIV/AIDS amounted to
about 390 million yuan (US$47 million) in 2003.
The budget for 2004 was 810 million yuan (US$98 million), while
budgeted international support reached to 421 million (US$51
million) in 2004.
Condom ishlitishni
omumlashturmaqta
www.chinaview.cn 2004-11-13 17:04:16
Xinjiang
popularizing condoms for AIDS prevention
URUMCHI, Nov. 13 (Xinhuanet) --
Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is
popularizing the use of condoms in its capital Urumqi, as a
crucial step for AIDS prevention, said a local official.
Lin Quanyi, official from the
autonomous region's family planning commission, said all 124
communities of the city's Tianshan District will be equipped
with condom vending machines. Shops specially selling
condoms will be also established.
This is the first part of a
Sino-Australian anti-HIV program inXinjiang, the official
said.
The local government has already
invested 850,000 yuan (about 100,000 US dollars) into to the
two-year program. About 500,000 yuan (about 60,000 US
dollars) of the total has been used so far.
Lin said the government will
learn from foreign advanced publicizing and managing
experience to make the use of condoms quickly and widely
accepted by the locals.
The latest survey of the
autonomous region's family planning commission shows that
only 5 percent of the women at childbearing age in Xinjiang
use condoms.
Xinjiang has detected the first
HIV case in 1995, and by the end of 2003, the number of
HIV-carriers in the autonomous region has soared to 8,153.
Zhonggodiki "Helq giziti" ning
April 14 diki melumatidin qarighanda zhonggodiki namrat aydiz virusi
bilen yuqumlanghan we aydiz bimarliri bikarliq virusqa qarshi turush
darilirigha irisheleydiken. Bu toghriliq zhonggo sahiye we maliye
ministirlighi birlikte bayanat ilan qilghan. Merkizi hokumet 5
rayongha bu toghriliq iqtisaq ajritishni pilanlighan , bu
rayonlarning icige Xinjang Uyghur Autonom rayonimu hem kiridiken.
HIV/AIDS sufferers can receive free therapy
HIV infected people and AIDS patients
in rural China and those urbanites with low incomes are now
eligible for no cost anti-virus treatments, according to a
document jointly released by the ministries of health and
finance Tuesday in Beijing.
HIV infected people and AIDS patients in
rural China and those urbanites with low incomes are now
eligible for no cost anti-virus treatments, according to a
document jointly released by the ministries of health and
finance Tuesday in Beijing.
Since July 2003, the central government has promised to
provide free medical treatments for HIV carriers stricken by
poverty, said Hao Yang, director of the HIV/AIDS division of
the Ministry
of Health.
And up to now, about 6,000 AIDS patients have received
treatments in various regions, including Central China's Henan
Province.
According to a ministerial document, to qualify for free
medical treatments, patients must be rural residents, or
urban citizens who have economic difficulties and are not
covered by any basic medical insurance.
About 8,000 AIDS patients have been registered in China,
while it is believed there are 840,000 HIV carriers
including 80,000 AIDS patients, according to official
estimates.
Only about 10 per cent of the country's HIV/AIDS sufferers
have been identified, which makes it difficult from a public
health standpoint to prevent the virus from spreading and
for providing free treatment.
About 70 per cent of those infected with the deadly virus
live in rural areas, experts said.
"The launch of new document outlining the cost-free
treatment policy is expected to encourage more HIV/AIDS
people to come out and ask for free medical treatment,"
Hao told China Daily.
Meanwhile, health authorities at all levels say they will
pay great attention to protecting the privacy interests of
the people who seek care, Hao noted.
Patients will be required to show relevant identification
documents to confirm their rural residency or economic
difficulties when they apply for treatment.
Besides anti-HIV medicines, free medicines against common
diseases caused by immunity disorders experienced by people
with AIDS or HIV will also be given to patients in areas
where serious epidemics and laggard economies exists.
These diseases include bacterial infection,s blood
poisoning, skin disorders, tuberculosis and dozens of other
diseases. Meanwhile, free medical service will also be
provided for preventing the virus spreading from mothers to
infants.
The central government will allocate money for the
anti-virus medicines for some regions which are seriously
stricken by HIV, including Southwest China's Yunnan
and Sichuan,
West China's Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, and some provinces in Central
China, such as Henan, Hubei,
Shanxi.
China announced a list of 51 county-level regions that will
serve as pilot zones for AIDS prevention and treatment.
The 51 pilot zones, set up by the Ministry of Health last
year, had relatively heavier AIDS problems among China's
2000 plus counties.
Local governments at various levels will provide financial
support for free medical service for patients who have not
been covered by the central government.
All of China's 31 provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities have experienced HIV carriers since 1985 when
the country saw its first case.
Now, the main portion of China's AIDS patients are from
people who illegally sold blood in early 1990s, with many of
them now becoming sick on a large scale basis.
Urumchi xeherlik AIDS kisilining aldini ilix ixhanisining igelligen
melumatigha asaslanghanda, bu yil 9-ayning ahirghiche, Urumchide 303 kixi
yingidin AIDS kisilige giriptar bolghan bolup, Urumchidiki AIDS kisilige
giriptar bolghuchining omumi sani 3165 yetken. Mundaqche eyitqanda,
Urumchidiki HIV virusi bilen yuqumlanghuchilarning heqiqi sani 30 mingdin
axqan, yeni Urumqchidiki her 200 adem ichide 3 kixi HIV virusi bilen
yuqumlanghan. HIV ning Urumchidiki tarqilix wastisi keng bolup, qandin
yuqux, jinsi munasiwet arqiliq yuqux we anidin bowaqqa yuquxtek tarqilix
yollirining hemmisi mewjut. Yuqumlanghuchilar asasliqi yaxlar bolup, ehwal
nahayti eghir.
China
is estimated to have 1.04 million HIV carriers, including 200,000 who have
died of AIDS, the disease caused by the HIV virus, Chinese AIDS prevention
expert Dai Zhicheng disclosed Thursday.
By the
end of 2002, China had only 40,560 reported HIV cases. However, according
to experts, the actual figure was much higher and AIDS prevention in the
country was very serious, said Dai, vice president of the China
Association for HIV/AIDS and Venereal Disease Prevention, at a meeting for
an AIDS prevention program of the China Red Cross held in Kunming,
southwest China's Yunnan Province.
According
to the 2002 China HIV/AIDS Report, blood is the major means of HIV
transmission and 63.7 percent of the blood transmission is through
intravenous drug use. About 8.1 percent of China's HIV carriers were
infected with the virus through sex and 53.6 percent of the HIV carriers
in China are young people between the age of 20 to 29.
The
top three provinces and regions with the most HIV carriers are Yunnan
Province, west China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and southwest
China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The HIV carriers in the west are
mainly drug users, in the central area mainly blood donors and in the west
or coastal area mainly prostitutes and venereal disease sufferers.
The
biggest danger for HIV infection in China was intravenous drug use, said
Dai. According to statistics from the Ministry of Public Security, China
has 596,000 recorded drug users, distributed in 2,033 counties, 80 percent
of whom are young people. Experts estimated that the actual number of drug
users was eight to 10 times of the registered figure and more people are
choosing to take drugs through intravenous injection.
The
global figure for HIV carriers had reached 42 million by the end of 2002.
The figure by the end of the 20th century was 33.6 million but in 2002 the
world had five million new HIV carriers and 3.1 million died of AIDS that
year.
China
has made specific AIDS prevention plans, aiming to keep the number of HIV
carriers in the country under 1.5 million by 2010.
(Xinhua
News Agency October 17, 2003)
Xinjiangning Aidiz kisili bilen
yuqumlanghucilarning kopiyish tizlighi Zhong guo boyice birinci
